Eccentric, but not concentric muscle contraction induce inflammation and impairs fibrinolysis in healthy young men.

Different types of muscle contraction can cause different damage to the musculature and differences in inflammatory responses. Acute increases in circulatory inflammation markers can influence the crosstalk between coagulation and fibrinolysis processes, increasing the risk of thrombus formation and detrimental cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of concentric and eccentric exercise on hemostasis markers, C-reactive protein (CRP), and the relationship between these variables. Eleven healthy subjects with a mean age of 25.4 ± 2.8, non-smokers, with no history of cardiovascular disease and blood type O, randomly performed an isokinetic exercise protocol consisting of 75 concentric (CP) or eccentric (EP) contractions of knee extension, divided into five sets of 15 repetitions combined with 30-s rest. Blood samples for analysis of FVIII, von Willebrand factor, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), and CRP were collected pre, post, 24 h, and 48 h after each protocol. Increased levels of CRP at 48 h in EP versus CP (p = 0.002), increased PAI-1 activity 48 h in EP versus CP (p = 0.044), and a reduction in t-PA at 48 h when compared with post-protocol in both protocols (p = 0.001). A correlation was found between CRP and PAI-1 at 48 h of PE (r2 = 0.69; p = 0.02). This study showed that both EP and CP increase the clotting process, albeit only the exercise performed eccentrically induces inhibition of fibrinolysis. This is possibly due to the increase in PAI-1 48 h after the protocol, which correlates with the increase in inflammation as demonstrated by the CRP levels.

Traumatic brain injury hospital incidence in Brazil: an analysis of the past 10 years. / Incidência hospitalar de traumatismo craniencefálico no Brasil: uma análise dos últimos 10 anos.

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar os aspectos demográficos e sociais e o ônus econômico do traumatismo craniencefálico no sistema público de saúde brasileiro na última década. MÉTODOS: Analisaram-se os dados provenientes da base de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde referentes ao período entre janeiro de 2008 e dezembro de 2019. RESULTADOS: Entre 2008 e 2019 ocorreram, em média, no Brasil, 131.014,83 internações por traumatismo craniencefálico ao ano, com incidência de 65,54 por 100 mil habitantes. Deve-se salientar a elevada incidência de traumatismo craniencefálico em adultos idosos (acima de 70 anos), acompanhada de altas taxas de mortalidade. Além disso, há também elevada incidência de traumatismo craniencefálico em adultos jovens (20 a 29 anos e 30 a 39 anos). Os dados aqui apresentados demonstram uma proporção de traumatismos craniencefálicos de 3,6 homens/mulheres. CONCLUSÃO: Embora se acredite que os dados apresentados subestimem a incidência e mortalidade associadas com o traumatismo craniencefálico no Brasil, este estudo pode ajudar na implantação de futuras estratégias de promoção da saúde para a população brasileira e mundial, com o objetivo de diminuir a incidência, a mortalidade e os custos do traumatismo craniencefálico.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the demographic, social, and economic burden of traumatic brain injury on the public health system in Brazil during the past decade. METHODS: Data from the database of the Information Technology Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) from January 2008 to December 2019 were analyzed. RESULTS: There was a mean of 131,014.83 hospital admissions per year due to traumatic brain injury in Brazil from 2008 - 2019. The incidence was 65.54 per 100.000 inhabitants during the same period. The high incidence of traumatic brain injury in older adults (>70 years old) accompanied by high mortality rates should be noted. In addition, there was a high incidence of traumatic brain injury in younger adults (20 to 29 years and 30 to 39 years). The data presented here demonstrates a 3.6 male-to-female ratio of traumatic brain injury incidence. CONCLUSION: Although we believe that the present data underestimate the incidence and mortality related to traumatic brain injury in Brazil, this study could assist in implementation of future health promotion strategies in the Brazilian population and worldwide aiming to reduce the incidence, mortality and costs of traumatic brain injury.

EVALUATION OF REST ENERGY EXPENDITURE IN PATIENTS WITH NON ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE.

BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently considered a global public health problem, with changes in lifestyle being the effective way to treat the disease. To date, there is no recommended standard of assessment to determine the resting energy expenditure (REE) of patients with NAFLD, so that dietary therapy can be properly guided. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the REE of patients with NAFLD through indirect calorimetry and compare with different predictive formulas of REE and with REE by electrical bioimpedance analysis (BIA). Assess body composition through BIA, with NAFLD staging and the presence of comorbidities. METHODS: They were evaluated in patients with NAFLD over 18 years of age treated at the Gastroenterology outpatient clinic of a tertiary level hospital in southern Brazil. NAFLD staging was performed using liver biopsy or a non-invasive method. Weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were determined in all patients. The short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess physical activity. Comorbidities as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia were evaluated. To estimate energy expenditure at rest, Harris-Benedict, Jeor Mifflin-St, World Health Organization and Schofield formulas were used. BIA was used to assess resting metabolic rate (RMR) and body mass, and to measure RMR, indirect calorimetry was also used. Associations between categorical variables were tested with Pearson's χ2 test and between groups with McNemar's test. The level of significance assumed was 5%. The degree of agreement between the REE measurement methods was assessed using the Blan-Altman test. RESULTS: A total of 67 patients were evaluated, 70.5% male, with a mean age of 59 years and a mean BMI of 33.08 kg/m2 ±5.13. The average RMR per CI was 1,753 kcal ±614.58. When comparing the RMR estimate by different formulas with indirect calorimetry, only the Jeor Mifflin-St formula showed a statistically significant difference (P=0.0001), with a difference of +318.49 kcal. BIA and Harris Benedict's formula presented values closer to CI, 1,658 and 1,845 kcal respectively. CONCLUSION: We suggest that the Jeor Mifflin-St formula should not be used to estimate the RMR in patients with NAFLD. In the absence of indirect calorimetry, some alternatives can be used safely in this population, such as BIA and the predictive formulas of Harris Benedict, Schofield and the World Health Organization.

Avaliação do gasto energético de repouso em pacientes com doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica / Evaluation of rest energy expenditure in patients with non alcoholic fatty liver disease

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently considered a global public health problem, with changes in lifestyle being the effective way to treat the disease. To date, there is no recommended standard of assessment to determine the resting energy expenditure (REE) of patients with NAFLD, so that dietary therapy can be properly guided. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the REE of patients with NAFLD through indirect calorimetry and compare with different predictive formulas of REE and with REE by electrical bioimpedance analysis (BIA). Assess body composition through BIA, with NAFLD staging and the presence of comorbidities. METHODS: They were evaluated in patients with NAFLD over 18 years of age treated at the Gastroenterology outpatient clinic of a tertiary level hospital in southern Brazil. NAFLD staging was performed using liver biopsy or a non-invasive method. Weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were determined in all patients. The short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess physical activity. Comorbidities as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia were evaluated. To estimate energy expenditure at rest, Harris-Benedict, Jeor Mifflin-St, World Health Organization and Schofield formulas were used. BIA was used to assess resting metabolic rate (RMR) and body mass, and to measure RMR, indirect calorimetry was also used. Associations between categorical variables were tested with Pearson's χ2 test and between groups with McNemar's test. The level of significance assumed was 5%. The degree of agreement between the REE measurement methods was assessed using the Blan-Altman test. RESULTS: A total of 67 patients were evaluated, 70.5% male, with a mean age of 59 years and a mean BMI of 33.08 kg/m2 ±5.13. The average RMR per CI was 1,753 kcal ±614.58. When comparing the RMR estimate by different formulas with indirect calorimetry, only the Jeor Mifflin-St formula showed a statistically significant difference (P=0.0001), with a difference of +318.49 kcal. BIA and Harris Benedict's formula presented values closer to CI, 1,658 and 1,845 kcal respectively. CONCLUSION: We suggest that the Jeor Mifflin-St formula should not be used to estimate the RMR in patients with NAFLD. In the absence of indirect calorimetry, some alternatives can be used safely in this population, such as BIA and the predictive formulas of Harris Benedict, Schofield and the World Health Organization.

RESUMO CONTEXTO: A doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA) é considerada, atualmente, um problema de saúde pública global, sendo a mudança no estilo de vida a forma efetiva de tratar a doença. Até o momento não há um padrão de avaliação recomendado para determinar o gasto energético de repouso (GER) de pacientes com DHGNA, para que se possa nortear adequadamente a conduta dietoterápica. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o GER de pacientes com DHGNA através da calorimetria indireta (CI) e comparar com diferentes fórmulas preditivas do GER e com GER através da bioimpedância elétrica (BIA). Avaliar a composição corporal através da BIA, com o estadiamento da DHGNA e com a presença de comorbidades. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados em pacientes com DHGNA maiores de 18 anos de idade atendidos no ambulatório de Gastroenterologia de um Hospital de nível terciário do Sul do Brasil. O estadiamento da DHGNA foi realizado através de biópsia hepática ou método não invasivo. Peso, altura e índice de massa corporal (IMC) foram determinados em todos os pacientes. Para avaliação da atividade física foi utilizada a versão curta do International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Foram avaliadas as comorbidades hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus e dislipidemia. Para a estimativa do gasto energético de repouso utilizou-se as fórmulas de Harris-Benedict, de Jeor Mifflin-St, da Organização Mundial de Saúde e de Schofield. A BIA foi utilizada para avaliação do GER e da massa corporal, e para aferição do GER também se utilizou a CI. Associações entre variáveis categóricas foram testadas com teste χ2 de Pearson e entre grupos com teste de McNemar. O nível de significância assumido foi de 5%. O grau de concordância entre os métodos de mensuração do GER foi aferido pelo teste de Blan-Altman. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 67 pacientes, sendo 70,5% do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 59 anos e média de IMC 33,08 kg/m2 ±5,13. O GER médio por CI foi de 1.753 kcal ±614,58. Ao comparar a estimativa do GER por diferentes fórmulas com a calorimetria indireta, apenas a fórmula de Jeor Mifflin-St apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa (P=0,0001), com uma diferença de +318,49 kcal. A BIA e a fórmula de Harris Benedict apresentaram valores mais próximos à CI, 1.658 e 1.845 kcal respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Sugerimos que a fórmula de Jeor Mifflin-St não deva ser utilizada para estimativa do GER em pacientes com DHGNA. Na ausência da CI algumas alternativas podem ser utilizadas com segurança nesta população, como a BIA e as fórmulas preditivas de Harris Benedict, de Schofield e da Organização Mundial de Saúde.

Incidência hospitalar de traumatismo craniencefálico no Brasil: uma análise dos últimos 10 anos / Traumatic brain injury hospital incidence in Brazil: an analysis of the past 10 years

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the demographic, social, and economic burden of traumatic brain injury on the public health system in Brazil during the past decade. Methods: Data from the database of the Information Technology Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) from January 2008 to December 2019 were analyzed. Results: There was a mean of 131,014.83 hospital admissions per year due to traumatic brain injury in Brazil from 2008 - 2019. The incidence was 65.54 per 100.000 inhabitants during the same period. The high incidence of traumatic brain injury in older adults (>70 years old) accompanied by high mortality rates should be noted. In addition, there was a high incidence of traumatic brain injury in younger adults (20 to 29 years and 30 to 39 years). The data presented here demonstrates a 3.6 male-to-female ratio of traumatic brain injury incidence. Conclusion: Although we believe that the present data underestimate the incidence and mortality related to traumatic brain injury in Brazil, this study could assist in implementation of future health promotion strategies in the Brazilian population and worldwide aiming to reduce the incidence, mortality and costs of traumatic brain injury.

Abstract Objetivo: Caracterizar os aspectos demográficos e sociais e o ônus econômico do traumatismo craniencefálico no sistema público de saúde brasileiro na última década. Métodos: Analisaram-se os dados provenientes da base de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde referentes ao período entre janeiro de 2008 e dezembro de 2019. Resultados: Entre 2008 e 2019 ocorreram, em média, no Brasil, 131.014,83 internações por traumatismo craniencefálico ao ano, com incidência de 65,54 por 100 mil habitantes. Deve-se salientar a elevada incidência de traumatismo craniencefálico em adultos idosos (acima de 70 anos), acompanhada de altas taxas de mortalidade. Além disso, há também elevada incidência de traumatismo craniencefálico em adultos jovens (20 a 29 anos e 30 a 39 anos). Os dados aqui apresentados demonstram uma proporção de traumatismos craniencefálicos de 3,6 homens/mulheres. Conclusão: Embora se acredite que os dados apresentados subestimem a incidência e mortalidade associadas com o traumatismo craniencefálico no Brasil, este estudo pode ajudar na implantação de futuras estratégias de promoção da saúde para a população brasileira e mundial, com o objetivo de diminuir a incidência, a mortalidade e os custos do traumatismo craniencefálico.

Fasted exercise does not improve postprandial lipemia responses to different meals in lean and obese subjects: A crossover, randomized clinical trial.

INTRODUCTION: Persistent episodes of postprandial hyperlipemia (PPL) and hyperglycemia (PPG) are considered risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) and premature death; whereas physical exercise improves lipid profile and glucose tolerance thus decreasing cardiovascular risks. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of low-intensity fasted aerobic exercise on the magnitude of the PPL and PPG responses to meals with different energy content, in normal and obese subjects. METHODS: The study used a randomized crossover design. Twenty-one male (Lean: n = 9, BMI: 24.3 ± 2.2; and obese: n = 12, BMI 32.31 ± 2.1) volunteers aged 20-30 years, performed three interventions, separated by 7 days each: (i) 45 min at rest and isocaloric high-fat meal (60% lipids, 30% carbohydrates and 10% protein); (ii) fasted low-intensity aerobic exercise (50% VO2max) for 45 min followed by an isocaloric or (iii) calorie deficit high-fat meal. Subjects were serially assessed for blood triglycerides, and glucose levels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Low-intensity fasted aerobic exercise had no acute effect on PPL in lean and obese subjects. Glucose concentrations were reduced only in lean subjects. There is a significant difference in PPL values when comparing lean to obese subjects, implying that the nutritional status influences lipid and carbohydrate after fasted low-intensity aerobic exercise. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT00929890.

Occurrence and patterns of orofacial injury in CrossFit practitioners.

BACKGROUND: CrossFit is an activity that can provide positive influences on body composition and physical fitness. However, the occurrence or pattern of possible injuries, especially in the orofacial region, has not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and patterns of orofacial injuries in CrossFit practitioners. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study carried out using an online questionnaire on the Google Forms platform. The volunteers were self-selected men and women who practice CrossFit and reside in Brazilian municipalities. The online survey was conducted during April 2020 and comprised 12 questions. The data were analyzed, categorized, and presented as percentages. RESULTS: These were 65 (27.8%) participants who reported having suffered at least one episode of orofacial trauma and they were more prevalent during training sessions 58 (89.2%). Among the regions with the highest frequency of injuries, the head 23 (21%), mental protuberance 22 (19.6%), upper lip 19 (16.9%), and maxillary teeth 14 (12.5%) were the most cited. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of injuries in the head region indicates a potential concern. Preference should be given to making mouthguards for the maxillary teeth, as they are significantly more affected by trauma during CrossFit when compared to the mandibular teeth.

A closer look at the epidemiology of schizophrenia and common mental disorders in Brazil.

Schizophrenia and common mental disorders are noteworthy social and economic concern worldwide. Epidemiologic studies on the impact of specific mental disorders in emerging countries are scarce. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to characterize the demographic, social, and economic burden of schizophrenia and common mental disorders patients in the health system in Brazil. METHODS: Data on these conditions in Brazil between 2008 and 2019 were collected through the website of the Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (Information Technology Department of the Unified Health System - DATASUS) maintained by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Mean annual hospital admissions were 154,009.67, and cumulative incidence of 77.44 admissions per 100,000 inhabitants. RESULTS: Average annual hospital expenses were US$ 67,216,056.04, with an average admission cost of US$ 432.58. The most affected age groups were older adults albeit younger individuals showed a trend towards increase of occurrences in recent years. There were a higher number of admissions in men compared to women. CONCLUSIONS: We consider the results obtained important to assist in evaluating and guiding public policies regarding the prevention and treatment in health systems.

A esquizofrenia e os transtornos mentais comuns são uma preocupação social e econômica notável em todo o mundo. Estudos epidemiológicos sobre o impacto de transtornos mentais específicos em países emergentes são escassos. OBJETIVOS: Nosso objetivo foi caracterizar a carga demográfica, social e econômica de pacientes com esquizofrenia e transtornos mentais comuns no sistema de saúde no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Os dados sobre essas condições no Brasil entre 2008 e 2019 foram coletados por meio do site do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), mantido pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. As internações hospitalares anuais médias foram de 154.009,67, e a incidência acumulada de 77,44 internações por 100.000 habitantes. RESULTADOS: As despesas hospitalares médias anuais foram de US$ 67.216.056,04, com um custo médio de internação de US$ 432,58. As faixas etárias mais afetadas foram os adultos mais velhos, embora os mais jovens tenham demonstrado tendência a aumento de ocorrências nos últimos anos. Houve um número maior de admissões entre os homens em comparação às mulheres. CONCLUSÕES: Consideramos importantes os resultados obtidos para auxiliar na avaliação e orientação de políticas públicas de prevenção e tratamento nos sistemas de saúde.

A closer look at the epidemiology of schizophrenia and common mental disorders in Brazil / Um olhar mais atento à epidemiologia da esquizofrenia e de transtornos mentais comuns no Brasil

ABSTRACT. Schizophrenia and common mental disorders are noteworthy social and economic concern worldwide. Epidemiologic studies on the impact of specific mental disorders in emerging countries are scarce. Objectives: We aimed to characterize the demographic, social, and economic burden of schizophrenia and common mental disorders patients in the health system in Brazil. Methods: Data on these conditions in Brazil between 2008 and 2019 were collected through the website of the Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (Information Technology Department of the Unified Health System - DATASUS) maintained by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Mean annual hospital admissions were 154,009.67, and cumulative incidence of 77.44 admissions per 100,000 inhabitants. Results: Average annual hospital expenses were US$ 67,216,056.04, with an average admission cost of US$ 432.58. The most affected age groups were older adults albeit younger individuals showed a trend towards increase of occurrences in recent years. There were a higher number of admissions in men compared to women. Conclusions: We consider the results obtained important to assist in evaluating and guiding public policies regarding the prevention and treatment in health systems.

RESUMO. A esquizofrenia e os transtornos mentais comuns são uma preocupação social e econômica notável em todo o mundo. Estudos epidemiológicos sobre o impacto de transtornos mentais específicos em países emergentes são escassos. Objetivos: Nosso objetivo foi caracterizar a carga demográfica, social e econômica de pacientes com esquizofrenia e transtornos mentais comuns no sistema de saúde no Brasil. Métodos: Os dados sobre essas condições no Brasil entre 2008 e 2019 foram coletados por meio do site do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), mantido pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. As internações hospitalares anuais médias foram de 154.009,67, e a incidência acumulada de 77,44 internações por 100.000 habitantes. Resultados: As despesas hospitalares médias anuais foram de US$ 67.216.056,04, com um custo médio de internação de US$ 432,58. As faixas etárias mais afetadas foram os adultos mais velhos, embora os mais jovens tenham demonstrado tendência a aumento de ocorrências nos últimos anos. Houve um número maior de admissões entre os homens em comparação às mulheres. Conclusões: Consideramos importantes os resultados obtidos para auxiliar na avaliação e orientação de políticas públicas de prevenção e tratamento nos sistemas de saúde.

Sustained elevation of cerebrospinal fluid glucose and lactate after a single seizure does not parallel with mitochondria energy production.

Generalized seizures trigger excessive neuronal firing that imposes large demands on the brain glucose/lactate availability and utilization, which synchronization requires an integral mitochondrial oxidative capability. We investigated whether a single convulsive crisis affects brain glucose/lactate availability and mitochondrial energy production. Adult male Wistar rats received a single injection of pentylentetrazol (PTZ, 60 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of glucose and lactate, mitochondrial respirometry, [14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake, glycogen content and cell viability in hippocampus were measured. CSF levels of glucose and lactate (mean ± SD) in control animals were 68.08 ± 11.62 mg/dL and 1.17 ± 0.32 mmol/L, respectively. Tonic-clonic seizures increased glucose levels at 10 min (96.25 ± 13.19) peaking at 60 min (113.03 ± 16.34) returning to control levels at 24 h (50.12 ± 12.81), while lactate increased at 10 min (3.23 ± 1.57) but returned to control levels at 360 min after seizures (1.58 ± 0.21). The hippocampal [14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake, glycogen content, and cell viability decreased up to 60 min after the seizures onset. Also, an uncoupling between mitochondrial oxygen consumption and ATP synthesis via FoF1-ATP synthase was observed at 10 min, 60 min and 24 h after seizures. In summary, after a convulsive seizure glucose and lactate levels immediately rise within the brain, however, considering the acute impact of this metabolic crisis, mitochondria are not able to increase energy production thereby affecting cell viability.

Comparison between resting metabolic rate and indirect calorimetry in postmenopausal women / Comparação de equações preditivas de taxa metabólica de repouso com calorimetria indireta em mulheres pós-menopáusicas

ABSTRACT Objective To compare resting metabolic rate values determined by indirect calorimetry with values estimated using different predictive equations in lean and overweight postmenopausal women. Methods Twenty-four women, who had stopped menstruating for at least two years, were subjected to anthropometric measurements and indirect calorimetry after 12-hour overnight fasting to determine, mathematically and experimentally, resting metabolic rate values. Results There was no difference in the indirect calorimetry values between the groups evaluated. Difference values of resting metabolic rate were obtained with all equations used. For the lean women, there was no difference between the values obtained by indirect calorimetry and those estimated using the equations proposed by Food and Agricultural Organization, Fredix, Lazzer, and Schofield. However, in the overweight group, the resting metabolic rate values estimated using the Institute of Medicine, Berstein and Owen equations were different from those obtained by indirect calorimetry. Conclusion This study suggests that differences in body composition in postmenopausal women influence the accuracy of predictive equations, demonstrating the need for more accurate estimation methods for resting metabolic rate in postmenopausal women with different body compositions.

RESUMO Objetivo Comparar os valores de taxa metabólica de repouso determinados por calorimetria indireta com os valores obtidos utilizando diferentes equações preditivas em mulheres pós-menopausicas eutróficas e com sobrepeso. Métodos Vinte e quatro mulheres com pelo menos dois anos de menopausa foram submetidas à avaliações antropométricas e à calorimetria indireta após 12 horas de jejum para determinar, matematicamente e experimentalmente, a taxa metabólica de repouso. Resultados Os valores para calorimetria indireta não diferiram entre os grupos e a taxa metabólica de repouso predita por equações foi diferente para todas as equações usadas. Para o grupo de eutróficas, as equações que não foram estatisticamente diferentes da calorimetria indireta foram Food and Agricultural Organization, Fredix, Lazzer e Schofield. No entanto, apenas as equações Berstein e Owen foram significativamente diferentes comparadas com calorimetria indireta para o grupo sobrepeso. Conclusão O presente estudo sugere que diferenças na composição corporal em mulheres na pós-menopausa modificam a precisão de equações que predizem a taxa metabólica de repouso, demonstrando a necessidade de aprimorar métodos de estimação de taxa metabólica de repouso em mulheres pós-menopáusicas com diferentes composições corporais.